哥 林 多 前 书 10:31 [hgb]  所 以 你 们 或 吃 或 喝 , 无 论 作 什 么 , 都 要 为 荣 耀 神 而 行 。

1 Corinthians 10:31 [kjv]  Whether therefore ye eat, or drink, or whatsoever ye do, do all to the glory of God.


LEBHI 12   Vegetable

                   蔬菜

LEBHI 12-1

Carrot

红萝卜

 

红萝卜食材简介

 

红萝卜是萝卜的一种,为“十字花科萝卜属” ,又名“大红萝卜”、“东北红萝卜”,一、二年生草本,根肉质,球形、根皮红色、根肉白色。原产于我国,各地均有栽培,东北是我国大红萝卜主要产区,因气候及品种等因素形成了其极高的营养价值和药用价值。红萝卜性微温,入肺、胃二经,具有清热、解毒、利湿、散瘀、健胃消食、化痰止咳、顺气、利便、生津止渴、补中、安五脏等功能。萝卜种类繁多,生吃以辣味少者为好。

 

营养价值

 

1、萝卜所含热量较少,纤维素较多,吃后易产生饱胀感,这些都有助于减肥。

2、萝卜能诱导人体自身产生干扰素,增加机体免疫力,并能抑制癌细胞的生长,对防癌、抗癌有重要作用。

3、萝卜中的芥子油和精纤维可促进胃肠蠕动,有助于体内废物的排出。

4、红萝卜中还含有大量的钾、磷、钙、铁、维生素K、Vc等物质,这样就可以有效地提高血液质量、碱化血液并有利尿、溶石作用,对痛风患者十分有利。

5、红萝卜皮中所含有的红萝卜素即维生素A原,可促进血红素增加,提高血液浓度及血液质量,对治疗贫血有很大作用。

6、红萝卜中含有大量的钙,是补钙之佳品。

 

食用功效

 

1、防癌、抗癌:萝卜、白菜等十字花科蔬菜是所有食物中最佳的防癌、抗癌食物。

2、抗痛风:有效地提高血液质量、碱化血液并有利尿、溶石作用,对痛风患者十分有利。

3、降血压:常生食红萝卜有神奇的降低血脂、胆固醇、软化血管、稳定血压的作用。

4、助消化:餐后生食红萝卜可以快速的起到促进消化、解除胃酸、胃胀的神奇功效。

6、排毒美容:有助于体内废物的排出,对便秘和青春痘都有很好的治疗作用。

7、抗病毒:能提高巨噬细菌吞吃异物和坏死细胞的功能,从而加强了人体抗病毒的能力。

8、减肥:红萝卜内含有的糖化酵素能分解食物中的淀粉、脂肪等成分,使之分解后为人体充分吸收和利用,所以红萝卜是一种相当不错的减肥食品。

9、补血:可促进血红素增加,提高血液浓度及血液质量,对治疗贫血有很大作用。萝卜中还含有大量的铁,有助于补血。

10、补钙:红萝卜中含有大量的钙,并且萝卜因不含草酸,更利于人体钙的吸收。

 

适用人群

 

一般人群均可食用。适合减肥人士、癌症早期患者、便秘、高血脂、高血压患者多食。

 

禁忌人群

 

脾虚泄泻者慎食或少食;阳虚偏寒体质者、脾胃虚寒者不宜多食;胃及十二指肠溃疡、慢性胃炎、单纯甲状腺肿、先兆流产、子宫脱垂等患者忌食萝卜。

 

选购技巧

 

1、大红萝卜是红皮、白心萝卜。

有很多人错误地认为红萝卜就是胡萝卜。大红萝卜是红皮、白心的,属“十字花科”植物;而胡萝卜是橘黄色皮、橘黄色心,属“伞形科”植物。好比猫和老虎同为“猫科”动物,狗和狼同为“犬科”动物,“猫科”和“犬科”动物两者没有任何遗传关系。大红萝卜和胡萝卜也是如此,两者存在着根本性的遗传差异,药用功效上也有很多不同,千万不要搞混!

2、同样品种的萝卜,挑选个头小的。

萝卜是具有很好“药食同源”作用的蔬菜,据营养分析显示,萝卜中许多特有的要素来源于种子,如“莱菔子素”等,这种物质无论萝卜长至多大,其含量是相等的。并且在萝卜长至一定大小后,其细胞数量就已固定,在以后的生长过程中只是细胞膨大的过程,此时干物质增加缓慢,而水分增加迅速。同一品种的大萝卜与小萝卜主要区别在于其水分含量的不同,即大萝卜含水量要大大多于小萝卜,而干物质的含量却相差不多。也就是说,要获得相同的干物质营养,吃一个小萝卜要比吃一个大萝卜轻松的多,对于很多想用萝卜治病的人来说,每天食用一个2公斤重的萝卜是一种沉重负担,且几乎不可能。而食用2~4个150克左右的小萝卜确是一件极其容易的事情,并且还是有效达到食疗作用的好方法。

3、在众多的萝卜品种中,挑选水分少的品种营养价值高。

水分越少的品种,萝卜中的干物质含量就越多。但这与糠心萝卜不是一个概念,糠心萝卜是水分、养分大量消耗的表现,其营养价值和风味品质会大幅度下降。

4、从产地来看,东北大红萝卜是首选。

东北是我国大红萝卜的主产区,具有非常适宜其生长的土壤和气候条件,同时优良品种众多,科研育种水平居全世界领先地位。东北大红萝卜因气候及品种等因素形成了其特有的营养价值和药用价值。

5、最好挑选雌性大红萝卜。

目前市场上的大红萝卜分为雌、雄同株(普通萝卜)和纯雌性植株两种,雌、雄同株萝卜容易造成自交,这样产生的萝卜中会有大量的近亲产物,这与动物一样,近亲繁殖容易形成畸变、退化等问题。而雌性植株的萝卜,为纯杂交的产物,不会出现上述问题,并且它在外观、营养含量等方面都要优于雌、雄同株的萝卜。

营养分析证明,雌性大红萝卜的营养价值要远远超过雌、雄同体的萝卜。中医专家也验证了其具有极为特殊的药用价值,对癌症、哮喘、痛风、糖尿病等疑难杂症有一定的食疗作用。正是因为雌性大红萝卜自身集合了更为丰富的营养物质和极强的抗病基因,经常食用会有助于提高人体的抗病力和免疫力。

6、如何区分雌性大红萝卜和普通大红萝卜?

雌性大红萝卜:个头均匀、圆形、红里透粉、表皮光滑靓丽、小顶、小细根、须根少、无裂顶等;

普通大红萝卜:个头大小不均、形状不一、表皮粗糙,缺少光泽、大顶、根粗、须根多、顶有裂痕等。

Introduction of carrot ingredients

 

Carrot is a kind of radish, which belongs to the "cruciferous family radish", also known as "big carrot" and "northeast carrot". Originating in my country, it is cultivated in various places. Northeast my country is the main producing area of radish in China. Due to factors such as climate and variety, it has formed its extremely high nutritional value and medicinal value. Carrots are warm in nature, enter the lung and stomach meridians, and have the functions of clearing away heat, detoxification, dampness, dispersing blood stasis, strengthening the stomach and digesting food, resolving phlegm and relieving cough, smoothing qi, facilitating constipation, promoting body fluid and quenching thirst, nourishing the middle and relieving the five internal organs. There are many kinds of radishes, and it is better to eat them raw with less spiciness.

 

nutritional value

 

1. Radish contains less calories and more cellulose, which is easy to produce a feeling of fullness after eating, which is helpful for weight loss.

2. Radish can induce the human body to produce interferon by itself, increase the body's immunity, and inhibit the growth of cancer cells, which plays an important role in preventing and fighting cancer.

3. Mustard oil and fine fiber in radish can promote gastrointestinal motility and help the discharge of waste from the body.

4. Carrots also contain a large amount of potassium, phosphorus, calcium, iron, vitamin K, Vc and other substances, which can effectively improve blood quality, alkalize blood and have diuretic and stone-dissolving effects, which are very beneficial to gout patients.

5. The carotene contained in the carrot peel is provitamin A, which can promote the increase of hemoglobin, improve blood concentration and blood quality, and has a great effect on the treatment of anemia.

6. Carrots contain a lot of calcium, which is a good source of calcium supplementation.

 

Edible effect

 

1. Anti-cancer and anti-cancer: radish, cabbage and other cruciferous vegetables are the best anti-cancer and anti-cancer foods among all foods.

2. Anti-gout: It can effectively improve blood quality, alkalize blood and have diuretic and stone-dissolving effects, which is very beneficial to gout patients.

3. Lowering blood pressure: Eating carrots often has the magical effect of lowering blood lipids, cholesterol, softening blood vessels and stabilizing blood pressure.

4. Aid digestion: Eating raw carrots after meals can quickly promote digestion, relieve stomach acid and bloating.

6. Detoxification and beauty: It helps to discharge waste from the body, and has a good therapeutic effect on constipation and acne.

7. Anti-virus: It can improve the function of macrophages to devour foreign bodies and necrotic cells, thereby strengthening the body's anti-virus ability.

8. Weight loss: The saccharifying enzymes contained in carrots can decompose starch, fat and other ingredients in food, so that they can be fully absorbed and utilized by the human body after being decomposed, so carrots are quite a good weight loss food.

9. Nourishing blood: It can promote the increase of hemoglobin, improve blood concentration and blood quality, and has a great effect on the treatment of anemia. Radishes also contain a lot of iron, which helps to replenish blood.

10. Calcium supplementation: Carrots contain a lot of calcium, and because radishes do not contain oxalic acid, it is more conducive to the absorption of calcium by the human body.

 

For people

 

suitable for majority of the people. It is suitable for people who lose weight, early stage cancer patients, constipation, hyperlipidemia and hypertension patients to eat more.

 

Taboo crowd

 

People with spleen deficiency and diarrhea should eat with caution or less; people with yang deficiency and cold constitution, spleen and stomach deficiency should not eat more; stomach and duodenal ulcers, chronic gastritis, simple goiter, threatened abortion, uterine prolapse, etc. should not eat radish .

 

Buying skills

 

1. Large carrots are red-skinned and white-hearted radishes.

There are many people who mistakenly think that carrots are carrots. Carrots are red-skinned and white-hearted, and belong to the "Cruciferous" plant; while carrots have orange-yellow skins and orange-yellow hearts, belonging to the "Umbelliferae" plant. For example, cats and tigers are both "feline" animals, dogs and wolves are both "canine" animals, and there is no genetic relationship between "feline" and "canine" animals. The same is true for carrots and carrots. There are fundamental genetic differences between the two, and there are many differences in medicinal effects. Don't confuse them!

2. For the same variety of radishes, choose the smaller ones.

Radish is a vegetable with good "medicine and food homology" effect. According to nutritional analysis, many unique elements in radish come from seeds, such as "rapin". No matter how big the radish grows, its content is equal. And after the radish grows to a certain size, the number of its cells has been fixed, and in the subsequent growth process, it is only the process of cell expansion. At this time, the dry matter increases slowly, and the water increases rapidly. The main difference between large radishes and small radishes of the same variety is the difference in their moisture content, that is, the water content of large radishes is much more than that of small radishes, but the dry matter content is similar. That is to say, to get the same dry matter nutrition, eating a small radish is much easier than eating a large radish. For many people who want to use radish to treat diseases, eating a 2 kg radish every day is a heavy burden. burden, and almost impossible. Eating 2 to 4 radishes with a weight of about 150 grams is indeed an extremely easy thing, and it is also a good way to effectively achieve the therapeutic effect.

3. Among the many varieties of radish, the varieties with less water are selected for their high nutritional value.

Varieties with less moisture have more dry matter content in radishes. However, this is not a concept with bran radish. Brass heart radish is a manifestation of a large consumption of water and nutrients, and its nutritional value and flavor quality will be greatly reduced.

4. From the perspective of origin, the Northeast carrot is the first choice.

Northeast China is the main producing area of radish in my country. It has very suitable soil and climatic conditions for its growth. At the same time, there are many excellent varieties, and the scientific research and breeding level is in the leading position in the world. Northeast big carrot has its unique nutritional value and medicinal value due to factors such as climate and variety.

5. It is best to choose female carrots.

At present, the large carrots on the market are divided into two types: female and hermaphrodite (common radish) and pure female plants. Female and hermaphrodite radishes are easy to cause self-crossing, and the resulting radishes will have a large number of close relatives, which is different from animals. In the same way, inbreeding is prone to problems such as distortion and degeneration. The radish of the female plant is the product of pure hybridization, which does not have the above problems, and it is superior to the radish of the female and hermaphrodite in terms of appearance and nutritional content.

Nutritional analysis has proved that the nutritional value of female large carrots is far greater than that of female and hermaphroditic radishes. Chinese medicine experts have also verified that it has a very special medicinal value, and has a certain therapeutic effect on intractable diseases such as cancer, asthma, gout, and diabetes. It is precisely because the female radish itself has more abundant nutrients and strong disease resistance genes, and regular consumption will help improve the body's disease resistance and immunity.

6. How to distinguish female carrots from ordinary carrots?

Large female carrots: uniform in size, round, red and pink, smooth and beautiful skin, small top, small fine roots, few fibrous roots, no cracked top, etc.;

Ordinary large carrots: uneven size, shape, rough skin, lack of luster, large top, thick roots, many fibrous roots, cracks on the top, etc.



红萝卜的营养成分列表

[ 每100克的营养成分含量 ]

 

基本营养

能量 22 千卡

蛋白质 1 克

脂肪 0.1 克

碳水化合物 4.6 克

粗纤维 0.8 克

 

脂类

单不饱和脂肪酸 0.006 克

多不饱和脂肪酸 0.053 克

多不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的比例 75.7 %

反式脂肪酸 克

反式脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的比例 %

胆固醇 毫克

植物固醇 毫克

胡萝卜素 微克

叶黄素类 微克

番茄红素 微克

 

矿物质

钙 11 毫克

镁 16 毫克

钠 62.7 毫克

钾 110 毫克

磷 26 毫克

硫 10.08 毫克

氯 96.68 毫克

铁 2.8 毫克

碘 微克

锌 0.69 毫克

硒 微克

铜 毫克

锰 0.06 毫克

氟 微克

 

维生素

维生素A 微克

维生素C 3 毫克

维生素D 微克

维生素E 1.2 毫克

维生素K 0.1 微克

维生素P(类黄酮) 毫克

维生素B1(硫胺素) 0.05 毫克

维生素B2(核黄素) 0.02 毫克

维生素B3(烟酸) 0.1 毫克

维生素B4(胆碱) 11.1 毫克

维生素B5(泛酸) 0.2 毫克

维生素B6 0.09 毫克

维生素B7(生物素) 微克

维生素B9(叶酸) 15 微克

维生素B12 微克

维生素B14(甜菜碱) 毫克

 

氨基酸

亮氨酸 41 毫克

蛋氨酸 22 毫克

苏氨酸 29 毫克

赖氨酸 37 毫克

色氨酸 9 毫克

缬氨酸 51 毫克

组氨酸 13 毫克

异亮氨酸 33 毫克

苯丙氨酸 26 毫克

Nutrition Facts List for Carrots

[Nutrition content per 100g]

 

basic nutrition

Energy 22 kcal

1 g protein

Fat 0.1 g

Carbohydrates 4.6 g

Crude fiber 0.8 g

 

lipids

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids 0.006 g

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids 0.053 g

Polyunsaturated fatty acids as a percentage of total fatty acids 75.7 %

trans fatty acid grams

Trans fatty acids as % of total fatty acids

Cholesterol mg

Plant sterols mg

Carotene mcg

Lutein micrograms

Lycopene mcg

 

minerals

Calcium 11 mg

Magnesium 16 mg

Sodium 62.7 mg

Potassium 110 mg

Phosphorus 26 mg

Sulfur 10.08 mg

Chlorine 96.68 mg

Iron 2.8 mg

Iodine mcg

Zinc 0.69 mg

Selenium mcg

Copper mg

Manganese 0.06 mg

Fluorine micrograms

 

vitamins

Vitamin A mcg

Vitamin C 3 mg

Vitamin D mcg

Vitamin E 1.2 mg

Vitamin K 0.1 mcg

Vitamin P (flavonoids) mg

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) 0.05 mg

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) 0.02 mg

Vitamin B3 (niacin) 0.1 mg

Vitamin B4 (choline) 11.1 mg

Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) 0.2 mg

Vitamin B6 0.09 mg

Vitamin B7 (Biotin) mcg

Vitamin B9 (folic acid) 15 mcg

Vitamin B12 mcg

Vitamin B14 (betaine) mg

 

amino acid

Leucine 41 mg

Methionine 22 mg

Threonine 29 mg

Lysine 37 mg

Tryptophan 9 mg

Valine 51 mg

Histidine 13 mg

Isoleucine 33 mg

Phenylalanine 26 mg